Photographic Identification
​(Photo-ID or PID)

"Every scale tells a tale!"

How does it work?

Each sea turtle has their own unique arrangement of scales on their head and flippers (like a fingerprint), so they can be monitored over time simply by photographing them.  This is a very non-invasive way of learning a lot about them. 
 
Some have only been seen once, but we have “known” many of these hawksbills for years.
 
You will significantly contribute to this research by attaching them with your report form, emailing your photographs directly, by sending links to online sightings, or by tagging #HIhawksbills on social media. 

You can match your photographs yourself too, by comparing your photos to each hawksbill, arranged by island.  Please keep in mind that:
  1. They can swim between islands so be sure to compare them all.
  2. The same turtle has different scale arrangements on its right and left profiles, and all flipper patterns are different too.
  3. Different colorations or injuries that may heal should not be used when matching hawksbills, as they often change over time. 
  4. The quality and angle of the photo distorts the shapes of the scales, so it's best to compare as many parts of the turtles as possible.
  5. In some cases, perfect photos from all of the angles (right and left profiles and all flippers plus the top of the head) of every hawksbill don't exist, so some individuals simply can't be compared.
  6. Size is often difficult to confirm. Turtles grow, so can change from juvenile to adult categories (and adult males' tails may appear later).
  7. Comparing hawksbills is more difficult than greens, as Hawaiian hawksbill facial scale patterns are often similar and their scales are less defined.  Therefore, matches are only confirmed 100% when multiple patterns are shown to be the same.
  8. Until our computer assisted program is available, this matching "by eye" technique is the best methodology.
  9. Good luck, have fun and please let me know who you discover so  I can add the information to the database!

​If your sighting is confirmed to be a new hawksbill to the catalog, you get the opportunity to name it!
If choosing Hawaiian names, this site is recommended:
www.wehewehe.org

You will always receive photo credit if your photo is used.

Your name will be listed under the "Sighted By" category in each hawksbill's profile that you submit photos of.  The subsequent listing of other people's names by year will indicate other sightings, but location-information won't be included online.  Contact me for specific information.

You can choose to receive our "Hawaiian Hawksbill Happenings" e-newsletters to keep you up-to-date.
Misty flipper tag
This is #MUI-024 "Misty", who has been tagged by us and the Hawai'i Island Hawksbill Recovery Project post-nesting. This tag has crustose coralline algae growing over the number, making it difficult to read.

The Trouble with Tagging

Trained researchers (with State and Federal endangered species permits) tag sea turtles with metal flipper tags that have a unique combination of letters and numbers.  While this method is often helpful for tracking purposes, it comes with limitations like anything else (tag loss, epibiont growth, having to be super close to the animal to read the tags, potential injury, tags may create  entanglement hazards, etc.).  

We do not encourage people to closely approach sea turtles to read their flipper tags (which can be on each front and rear flipper), since that can be challenging and any disturbance of the animal is illegal.  Instead, please take photographs/video and note the turtle's location so we can help identify the turtle that way since we're collaborating with the few researchers who are tagging Hawaiian sea turtles.

We also typically use internal P.I.T. (passive integrated transponder) tags, like pet dogs and cats receive, that you  can't see.  While these are shown to last longer, they can only be read on land with special scanners.  

Photo-ID is an alternative research tool that is also helping us learn more about this critically endangered species!

Please report any tagged Hawaiian green sea turtles (including ones with painted letters/numbers on their carapaces) to NOAA:
​
respect.wildlife@noaa.gov

MA73
This is MA73 "Sugar Plumb" a green sea turtle that was captured to help remove harmful fishing gear on 12/26/20 and 2/18/22, so marked by MOCMI prior to release (NOAA permit #21260).

On Maui, click below for Maui Ocean Center Marine Institute's tagged green sea turtle report form:

Click to read our September-October 2019 Ke Ola magazine article

Sightings from
​1998-2023

• I started this fascinating project in the year 2000, when I saw my first Hawaiian hawksbill, and have been searching for more ever since.
• This is a collection of >1,000 photographic sightings and counting!​​

372 hawksbills

All unique individuals are given numbers and names to monitor them over time.  We've seen some over 100 times each, and one for a 18-year timespan!​
​• Pelagic Phase
• Juveniles
• Adult Females (Untagged)
• Adult Females (Tagged)
• Adult Males
​Note that the deceased hawksbills are still included in the catalog.

The Hawaiian Islands

• See the "Meet the Turtles" island-specific pages for complete information, but the majority of the sightings are from Maui  (where I live).
• Our "Hawaiian Hawksbill Hui" is a statewide network of government agencies, conservation NGOs, ocean user groups, plus concerned community members.  Join us!

>500 photographers

• I can't thank everyone enough for contributing so much to this project over the decades!
  • Out of respect for these photographers, please ask permission before using any images or data on this site.

Want to help spread the word about hawksbills?  

Here's a postcard that can be printed and distributed to people all around Hawai`i:
hawksbillsightingspostcard_cking.pdf
File Size: 864 kb
File Type: pdf
Download File
Here's a poster:
hawksbillsightingsposter20x30_cking.pdf
File Size: 1321 kb
File Type: pdf
Download File